The Kalingas are mainly found in Kalinga province which has an area of 3,282.58 sq. km. The name Kalinga came from the Ibanag and Gaddang term kalinga, which means headhunter. They can be divided into three sub-cultures and geographical position: Balbalan (north); Pasil, Lubuagan, and Tinglayan (south); and Tanudan (east). They can also be divided based on their dialects: Guinaang, Lubuagan, Punukpuk, Tabuk, Tinglayan, and Tanudan.
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