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25 May 2025 maximios
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Lightning Strike Claims Lives of Philippine Army Soldiers in Kalinga | Igorotage

Lightning strike tragedy claims lives of two Philippine Army soldiers and injures four others in Kalinga.

Heads up! This news article was published 1 year ago, so some information may be outdated.

May 13, 2024  |  2 min read

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Imagine an online community where Igorot from all corners of the world come together to connect, share stories, and celebrate the rich tapestry of Igorot culture. That’s precisely what Igorotage offers.

Join us now to be a part of this vibrant digital tapestry and contribute your unique thread to the story of the Igorot people.

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25 May 2025 maximios
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Apo Gayamen: 114-year-old Igorot may be One of the Oldest People in the World | Igorotage

Discover the extraordinary life of Apo Gayamen, a 114-year-old Igorot who may be one of the oldest people in the world. Explore her remarkable journey.

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Meet Luisa ‘Apo Gayamen’ Balangyao, a remarkable figure hailing from Panabungen, Laylaya, Besao, Mountain Province, and proudly identified as an Igorota, or Igorot woman. Believed to have reached the remarkable age of 114, Apo Gayamen’s life story is one of resilience and inspiration. If her age is confirmed, she may hold a place among the world’s oldest living individuals.

In this article, we’ll take you on a journey through the remarkable life of Apo Gayamen, exploring her secrets to a long and healthy life, the cultural practices that have shaped her, and the national recognition she has earned.

Apo Gayamen’s Family Roots

Luisa ‘Apo Gayamen’ Balangyao’s remarkable journey begins in the heart of the Mountain Province, in Ambagiw, Besao. Proudly identifying as an Igorota, or Igorot woman, she spent her early years in this region, deeply rooted in her indigenous culture.

Apo Gayamen, the oldest Igorota of Panabungen, Laylaya, Besao, Mountain Province Photo: Airene Pagosto

Her life became intertwined with Banglate Balangyao’s, and together, they embarked on a journey of love and family. Apo Gayamen’s large family, filled with children and grandchildren, reflects the love and unity that have defined her life.

Tragically, she has faced the loss of eight of her twelve children, a testament to the challenges life can bring. Additionally, her husband passed away due to a stroke in 1991, marking a significant turning point in her life’s journey.

Through the years, she has had the privilege of witnessing the growth of not only her children but also her grandchildren, marking the passage of time and the endurance of her legacy.

In the following sections, we will delve deeper into Apo Gayamen’s life, uncovering the secrets behind her remarkable age, her cultural practices, and her impact on her community and nation.

Secrets to a Long and Healthy Life: Cultural Practices, Diet, and Well-Being

Apo Gayamen’s remarkable journey to 114 years of age is a testament to the wisdom of her cultural practices, her healthful diet, and her unique stress-relief methods. These elements have played pivotal roles in her remarkable journey.

Apo Gayamen: A Century of Wisdom and Resilience, discover the extraordinary life of a potential world record holder. Photo: Airene Pagosto

Insights into Her Lifestyle and Habits

Apo Gayamen’s life is characterized by her resilient lifestyle and daily habits. She rises to the challenge of caregiving, even in her advanced age, showcasing her nurturing spirit and strength. Her ability to walk long distances is a testament to her active lifestyle, defying expectations and showcasing her resilience.

Proper Nutrition and Disciplined Eating

Apo Gayamen’s diet is a reflection of her deep connection to her cultural heritage. Her approach to eating is rooted in discipline and tradition. She places emphasis on locally sourced ingredients and traditional foods, with a special focus on vegetables and natural components. This wholesome diet has been a source of sustenance and well-being throughout her long life.

Local Customs and Traditions

Apo Gayamen’s life is intricately woven with the customs and traditions of the Igorot community. These customs not only enrich her life but also significantly contribute to her health and well-being. The cultural practices she embraces, handed down through generations, have provided her with a strong sense of continuity and identity.

Stress Relief Through Chants and Melodies

In the midst of life’s challenges, Apo Gayamen has discovered the profound power of traditional chants, melodies, and the soothing “day-eng.” These age-old practices go beyond mere entertainment; they serve as therapeutic outlets for relieving stress and weariness. As she shares her stories and songs with the younger generations, she not only passes down the melodies but also imparts a sense of calm and resilience, preserving cultural treasures for the future.

Love and Support

Apo Gayamen’s extraordinary journey underscores the profound significance of love and support in one’s life. Her enduring relationships and the bonds she has nurtured have played an instrumental role in her well-being.

Witnessing the Endurance of Apo Gayamen, Her legacy of love, unity, and strength. Photo by Airene Pagosto

Social support from her family and community has been an unwavering source of strength throughout her remarkable life. Apo Gayamen’s capacity to care for her children and grandchildren is a testament to the love and support she has received from those around her. These relationships have not only enriched her life but have also provided her with a profound sense of purpose and fulfillment.

Furthermore, Apo Gayamen’s devotion to her faith remains resolute. She steadfastly attends every mass, often being the first to arrive at the church, even if it is still closed. This unwavering commitment underscores her deep spiritual connection and steadfast dedication to her beliefs.

In the forthcoming sections, we will delve into the recognition Apo Gayamen has garnered and the profound impact of her remarkable life on her community and the nation.

Apo Gayamen’s Recognition and Its Impact

Luisa Balangyao, affectionately known as Apo Gayamen, has captured the hearts of many with her remarkable journey, earning recognition and admiration that transcends her community.

Apo Gayamen’s extraordinary life story first found its way into the public eye through Igorotage. Her story resonated deeply with readers and quickly spread across the internet, inspiring people from all walks of life.

Apo Gayamen’s awe-inspiring journey reaches a wider audience through ABS-CBN and media Photo: ABS-CBN

Covered by ABS-CBN and Other News Outlets

Apo Gayamen’s narrative didn’t remain in the shadows for long. Prominent news outlet ABS-CBN and numerous other media organizations swiftly picked up on her remarkable journey. Their coverage introduced Apo Gayamen’s life to a broader audience, reflecting the genuine interest and admiration her story had garnered.

Receipt of Financial Assistance and Her Grateful Response

In light of her story, Apo Gayamen received an outpouring of support from her community and beyond. This included a substantial financial assistance grant of PhP 20,000.00 from the DSWD-Mountain Province. Her gratitude was palpable as she expressed her newfound ability to afford essentials like milk and food, which had been a luxury for her.

Luisa “Gayamen” Balangyao during her recognition as a Centenarian awardee. Kimbee Pooten Sote and Solang Pooten

Provincial Recognition as a Centenarian

Her remarkable life was formally recognized at the provincial level. Apo Gayamen was honored as a centenarian, a distinction that came with a significant grant of PhP 100,000.00 from the provincial government. This recognition not only celebrated her impressive age but also acknowledged her enduring contributions to the community.

Inspiring Recognition for Other Centenarians

Apo Gayamen’s story has had a far-reaching impact. It has paved the way for other centenarians in the province and the region to be recognized for their remarkable lives. Her journey serves as an inspiration, reminding us of the wisdom and resilience that age can bring.

Apo Gayamen’s remarkable journey through life has sparked intriguing discussions about her age within her community. Her neighbors and those who have had the privilege of witnessing her extraordinary life hold a belief that she might be even older than her official record suggests. According to their accounts, Apo Gayamen is believed to have reached the awe-inspiring age of 114 years, a testament to the remarkable longevity she embodies.

A Potential World Record

If she is indeed 114 years old, that would make her one of the oldest persons in the world. For comparison, Ms. Emma Martina Luigia Morano of Vercelli, Italy, who lived to be 116 years old, was recognized by Guinness as the world’s oldest living person in May 2016. Apo Gayamen’s potential age places her among the elite few who have experienced such remarkable longevity.

Official Confirmation

However, when we turn to official records, her birth date is officially documented as April 13, 1910. This official date confirms her remarkable age at 106 years old as of this writing, a testament to her enduring spirit and the rich tapestry of her life.

An Age Worth Exploring

While Apo Gayamen is indeed 106 years old at this time, it is important to note that her age, while remarkable, doesn’t place her among the very oldest individuals in the world. Nevertheless, this apparent discrepancy in age highlights a fascinating aspect of history-the inconsistencies in records during colonial times. The colonial era brought with it changes in the way indigenous communities documented their identities and vital information. Birthdates and identities were sometimes approximated, leading to discrepancies that continue to reverberate through the generations.

Resilience Through Discrepancies

These discrepancies in colonial records not only shed light on the challenges faced by indigenous communities but also underscore the enduring resilience of individuals like Apo Gayamen. Despite historical gaps and uncertainties, she has not only persevered but has thrived, leaving an indelible mark on her community.

Remembering Apo Gayamen

In October 2017, Apo Gayamen, the beloved centenarian of Panabungen, Laylaya, Besao, Mountain Province, peacefully passed away. We join her family, friends, and community in extending our deepest condolences. Apo Gayamen’s legacy of resilience, wisdom, and remarkable longevity will forever be remembered as an inspiration to all who had the privilege of knowing her. While she may have left this world, her spirit continues to shine brightly in the hearts and memories of those she touched during her extraordinary journey.

Conclusion

In reflecting on the inspirational life of Luisa ‘Apo Gayamen’ Balangyao, we are reminded of the extraordinary resilience and strength that can emerge from even the most challenging circumstances. Her journey, marked by the richness of her culture, the depth of her community bonds, and the longevity of her years, serves as a beacon of hope and wisdom.

Apo Gayamen’s enduring impact extends not only to her community but also to the nation as a whole. Her story encourages us to appreciate the importance of cultural preservation and recognition, the value of discipline and a healthful diet, and the power of love, support, and faith in our lives.

As we bid farewell to this remarkable centenarian, we are left with a treasure trove of lessons from her life-an enduring legacy that will continue to inspire generations to come.

What lessons will you take from Apo Gayamen’s remarkable journey? Do you aspire to reach the age of a centenarian, embracing a life filled with the same vitality and wisdom? Perhaps it’s time to reflect on the choices we make today and the impact they may have on our own journeys towards a long and fulfilling life.

21 May 2025 maximios
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Tasking and Transient Scams: How to Stay Safe (RACU-Cor Insights) | Igorotage

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Discover the rich heritage of Ifugao with the Hudhud chants, a vital part of their cultural identity and rice cultivation traditions.

Oct 31, 2024 · 5 min read

Tanasian Phoenix, student innovators from Tabuk City, Kalinga, are set to represent the Philippines in the upcoming World MakeX Robotics tilt.

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The Benguet All Stars are set to face off against the PBA Moto Club in a basketball game on November 30, 2023, at the Benguet Sports Complex.

Nov 11, 2023 · 2 min read

Benguet Provincial Government’s Facebook pages, PIO Benguet and BIYAG, have been hacked. What you need to know and how to protect yourself online.

Sep 27, 2023 · 4 min read

Benguet artists Jason Ivan Timbal Sobremonte and Xyza Nicole Aguilar, won multiple medals at the 2023 World Championships of Performing Arts.

Aug 16, 2023 · 2 min read

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21 May 2025 maximios
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WarOnDrugs – Tag | Igorotage

1 article related to #WarOnDrugs hashtag.

Almost P600 million worth of illegal drugs were seized and 423 drug personalities were arrested by the Police Regional Office – Cordillera in 2020.

Jan 7, 2021  |  2 min read

21 May 2025 maximios
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Teenage Parents Overcome Challenges to Become Licensed Teachers | Igorotage

Irish Buton and Michael Santos are teenage parents who have achieved their dreams of becoming teachers.

Irish Buton and Michael Santos, both 23 years old and residents of Paracelis, Mountain Province, have recently passed the March 2023 Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET). Their story is an inspiration to all teenage parents who are struggling to achieve their dreams.

Early Challenges

Irish and Michael were both 18 years old and in 12th grade when they got pregnant. They faced many challenges as teenage parents, but they never gave up on their dreams of finishing their education.

Even at 18 years old, Irish was already carrying an 8-month-old baby bump when she graduated from senior high school with high honors.

Two months after their daughter was born, they took up Bachelor of Elementary Education from the Ifugao State University – Potia Campus and received their diploma in August 2022 with Irish receiving Academic Achievers Award.

They passed the LET in March 2023, and their story is an inspiration to other teenage parents who are struggling to achieve their dreams.

The Pressure of the LET

The pressure and stress of preparing for the LET was a challenge, but Irish and Michael were able to manage it because they had each other. They rented a room in Tabuk City, Kalinga, so that they could focus on their studies. They supported each other through the long hours of studying, and they were motivated by the thought of providing a better future for their daughter.

“It was good to have a partner to review with. Since we both had determination, we decided to review together. It’s helpful to have someone to lean on, especially when studying is stressful,” Irish shared.

Inspiration and Advice

Irish says that what inspired them to even strive harder in the exam was to prove they can still achieve their dreams even they started their family earlier.

“Naging phobia na sa amin yung i-judge kami noon na maagang nagkapamilya kaya ngayon pinapatunayan namin na hindi hadlang ang pagkakaroon ng pamilya kung may determinasyon ka,” she conveyed.

With her experience, Irish wants to tell teenage moms and dads not to forget their education as they take care of their family saying, “kahit nadapa, kaylangan bumangon para sa pamilya. Priority ang pamilya pero priority din ang education. Hindi lang future mo ang isipin mo kundi future din ng mga anak niyo.”

She acknowledged it is challenging to juggle school and family but having a degree provides better opportunities in the future.

“Mahirap man pagsabayin ang pamilya at pag aaral pero dapat kayanin. If you have willingness to sacrifice and determination, matutupad niyo ang mga plano at pangarap niyo,” she asserted.

Teenage parents Irish Buton and Michael Santos passed the LET in 2023, proving that anything is possible with determination and hard work.

Aspiring Teachers

Now that they are a Licensed Professional Teachers, Irish and Michael’s next plan is to get married. They are also excited to start their careers as teachers and to inspire other teenage parents to never give up on their dreams.

Conclusion

Irish and Michael’s story is an inspiration to all teenage parents who are struggling to achieve their dreams. It shows that with determination and hard work, anything is possible. If you are a teenage parent who is thinking about giving up on your education, I urge you to reconsider. Irish and Michael are proof that you can still achieve your dreams, even if you have a family.

Please share Irish and Michael’s story with other teenage parents who are struggling to achieve their dreams. Let them know that they are not alone, and that it is possible to overcome the challenges of being a teenage parent and still achieve their goals.

Together, let’s help spread the message that anything is possible if you set your mind to it.

21 May 2025 maximios
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ASEAN International Students Day 2023 – Tag | Igorotage

1 article related to #ASEAN International Students Day 2023 hashtag.

Ifugao State University student clinches gold at ASEAN International Students’ Day 2023, a testament to global education excellence.

Nov 22, 2023  |  3 min read

21 May 2025 maximios
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Chrizelle Alexis Kue Amiyan: Igorot Ranks 10th in Electrical Engineer Exam | Igorotage

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Philippines Holidays 2024: A Guide to Long Weekends and Celebrations | Igorotage

Don’t miss out on 2024 Philippines Holidays. Discover long weekends, vibrant celebrations, and more. Start your adventure today!

The Philippines is a nation known for its vibrant culture and fervent celebrations. In 2024, Filipinos will have plenty of opportunities to revel in their traditions and history, thanks to the list of regular holidays and special non-working days released by the Malacañang. President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. signed Proclamation No. 368, ensuring the nation a year of rest, reflection, and festivity. In addition to this, several long weekends provide the perfect opportunity for a well-deserved vacation.

Regular Holidays in the Philippines 2024

Here’s a list of the regular holidays in the Philippines for 2024:

  1. New Year’s Day 2024 – January 1 (Monday)
  2. Maundy Thursday – March 28
  3. Good Friday – March 29
  4. Araw ng Kagitingan – April 9 (Tuesday)
  5. Labor Day – May 1 (Wednesday)
  6. Independence Day – June 12 (Wednesday)
  7. National Heroes Day – August 26 (Monday)
  8. Bonifacio Day – November 30 (Saturday)
  9. Christmas Day – December 25 (Wednesday)
  10. Rizal Day 2024 – December 30 (Monday)

Special Non-Working Days and Celebrations

In addition to the regular holidays, Filipinos can look forward to special non-working days:

  1. Ninoy Aquino Day – August 21 (Wednesday)
  2. All Saints’ Day – November 1 (Friday)
  3. Feast of the Immaculate Conception of Mary – December 8 (Sunday)
  4. Last day of the year 2024 – December 31 (Tuesday)

Additional Special Non-Working Days for Celebration

Special non-working days like Chinese New Year, Black Saturday, All Souls’ Day, and Christmas Eve are also part of the holiday calendar:

  1. Chinese New Year – February 10 (Saturday)
  2. Black Saturday – March 30
  3. All Souls’ Day – November 2 (Saturday)
  4. Christmas Eve 2024 – December 24 (Tuesday)

Islamic Holidays and Observations

Separate proclamations declaring national holidays for the observance of Eid’l Fitr and Eid’l Adha will follow once the National Commission on Muslim Filipinos recommends the dates. These holidays are based on the Islamic or lunar calendar.

Planning Your Long Weekends for 2024

The 2024 holiday calendar offers several long weekends, making it an ideal year for vacations and relaxation. Here’s a guide to help you plan your time off:

January

  • December 30, 2023 (Saturday) – Rizal Day
  • December 31, 2023 (Sunday) – Last day of the year
  • January 1 (Monday) – New Year’s Day

March

  • March 28 (Thursday) – Maundy Thursday
  • March 29 (Friday) – Good Friday
  • March 30 (Saturday) – Black Saturday
  • March 31 (Sunday) – Easter Sunday

April

  • April 6 (Saturday)
  • April 7 (Sunday)
  • April 8 (Monday) – consider filing for leave
  • April 9 (Tuesday) – Araw Ng Kagitingan

August

  • August 24 (Saturday)
  • August 25 (Sunday)
  • August 26 (Monday) – National Heroes Day

November

  • November 1 (Friday) – All Saints’ Day
  • November 2 (Saturday) – All Souls’ Day
  • November 3 (Sunday)

December

  • December 28 (Saturday)
  • December 29 (Sunday)
  • December 30 (Monday) – Rizal Day 2024
  • December 31 (Tuesday) – Last day of the year 2024

So, mark your calendars and plan your vacations, as the Philippines in 2024 promises a year filled with opportunities to celebrate, relax, and reflect on the nation’s history and culture.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Who is the national hero celebrated on Rizal Day?

Rizal Day commemorates the life and works of Dr. José Rizal, a national hero of the Philippines. His writings and actions played a significant role in the country’s fight for independence from Spanish colonial rule.

2. What is the historical significance of Bonifacio Day?

Bonifacio Day honors the birth of Andrés Bonifacio, a key figure in the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule. It celebrates his contributions to the struggle for independence and the formation of the revolutionary society, Katipunan.

3. How do Filipinos typically celebrate Independence Day?

Filipinos celebrate Independence Day by participating in parades, flag-raising ceremonies, and various cultural events. It’s a day to reflect on the country’s history and the declaration of independence from Spanish colonial rule on June 12, 1898.

4. What are regular holidays?

Regular holidays are established dates on which the Philippines commemorates historical events, national heroes, and significant occasions. These holidays are observed nationwide and typically involve various ceremonies, cultural activities, and time for reflection.

5. What are special non-working days?

Special non-working days are additional holidays in the Philippines that provide opportunities for rest, reflection, and celebration. While they may not have the same historical or cultural significance as regular holidays, they offer moments of respite and are often associated with specific observances or events.

6. When would I get double pay?

In the Philippines, double pay, or “holiday pay,” is typically received by employees who work on regular holidays or special non-working days. The specific rules and rates for double pay can vary depending on the nature of your employment and your employer’s policies. It’s advisable to check with your employer or refer to labor laws for details on double pay entitlement.

7. Why is Ninoy Aquino Day observed in the Philippines?

Ninoy Aquino Day is observed to commemorate the assassination of Benigno “Ninoy” Aquino Jr. His death in 1983 played a crucial role in the eventual downfall of the Marcos dictatorship and the restoration of democracy in the Philippines.

8. How do Filipinos traditionally observe All Saints’ Day?

All Saints’ Day is a day for Filipinos to remember and honor their departed loved ones. Families visit cemeteries, clean and decorate graves, offer prayers, and often share meals as a way of commemorating the deceased.

9. Tell me more about the religious significance of the Feast of the Immaculate Conception of Mary.

The Feast of the Immaculate Conception of Mary celebrates the belief that Mary, the mother of Jesus, was conceived without original sin. It is an important religious observance, and Catholics often attend Mass and participate in processions to honor Mary.

10. How do Filipinos celebrate New Year’s Eve on December 31?

New Year’s Eve in the Philippines is marked by various customs and traditions, including the Media Noche (midnight) feast, fireworks, the making of noise to drive away evil spirits, and the lighting of fireworks and firecrackers at the stroke of midnight.

11. Are there any specific customs or traditions associated with Ninoy Aquino Day?

On Ninoy Aquino Day, Filipinos may attend ceremonies, lectures, and activities that commemorate the life and contributions of Ninoy Aquino. It’s a day for reflection on his sacrifice and the nation’s journey to democracy.

12. What are the customary Chinese New Year traditions in the Philippines?

Chinese New Year traditions in the Philippines include dragon and lion dances, giving red envelopes (ang pao) for good luck, preparing traditional dishes, and displaying fruits and delicacies on family altars.

13. How do Filipinos typically spend Christmas Eve?

Christmas Eve is celebrated with a festive midnight Mass known as Simbang Gabi, followed by a Noche Buena feast with family and friends. Filipinos exchange gifts and participate in various customs and traditions to celebrate the birth of Jesus.

14. Tell me more about the customs and practices observed on Black Saturday.

Black Saturday is a day of reflection and mourning, marking the day between Good Friday and Easter Sunday. It is a solemn time when Filipinos may attend religious services and participate in acts of devotion.

15. When will the Islamic holidays, Eid’l Fitr and Eid’l Adha, be announced for 2024?

The specific dates for Eid’l Fitr and Eid’l Adha in 2024 will be announced later, following recommendations from the National Commission on Muslim Filipinos. These dates are determined based on the Islamic or lunar calendar.

16. Can you provide more information about the significance of Eid’l Fitr and Eid’l Adha in the Philippines?

Eid’l Fitr and Eid’l Adha are important Islamic holidays in the Philippines. Eid’l Fitr marks the end of Ramadan and is a celebration of thanksgiving and charity. Eid’l Adha, the Feast of the Sacrifice, is a time for communal prayer and the offering of sacrifices.

17. How do Filipinos typically celebrate Easter Sunday?

Easter Sunday is celebrated with Mass, joyful gatherings, and festive meals. Filipinos may participate in traditional activities such as “Salubong,” where the Risen Christ is reunited with the Virgin Mary, and Easter egg hunts for children.

18. Tell me more about the historical significance of Araw Ng Kagitingan.

Araw Ng Kagitingan, or Day of Valor, commemorates the heroism and sacrifice of Filipino and American soldiers during World War II. It honors those who fought and endured the Bataan Death March and other challenges during the war.

19. Who are some prominent national heroes celebrated on National Heroes Day?

National Heroes Day celebrates various national heroes, including José Rizal, Andrés Bonifacio, and others who played significant roles in the country’s history.

20. How is All Souls’ Day observed in the Philippines?

All Souls’ Day is a time for Filipinos to remember and pray for the souls of the departed. Families visit cemeteries to clean and decorate graves, offer prayers, and pay their respects to the deceased.

21. Can you tell me more about the historical significance of Rizal Day?

Rizal Day is a commemoration of the life and works of Dr. José Rizal, a national hero. It reminds Filipinos of his writings, activism, and contributions to the country’s struggle for independence.

22. When will the Islamic holidays, Eid’l Fitr and Eid’l Adha, be announced for 2024?

The specific dates for Eid’l Fitr and Eid’l Adha in 2024 will be announced later, following recommendations from the National Commission on Muslim Filipinos. These dates are determined based on the Islamic or lunar calendar.

21 May 2025 maximios
Blog

Apo Anno is believed to be the first leader to be mummified in Benguet due to his reign marked with… | Igorotage

Apo Anno is believed to be the first leader to be mummified in Benguet due to his reign marked with peace and prosperity during the 12th Century. The Agno River was named after him.

#Apo #Anno #Benguet #mummified

21 May 2025 maximios
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Dawat di Bagol: A lost Ifugao Mumbaki Ritual | Igorotage

In the photo: ‘Mumbaki’ (native shaman), elders and villagers in the community of Bayninan in Kiangan town, Ifugao province, gather under the ‘alang’ (rice granary) for a ritual elevating a local mumbaki to a higher order.

Forty-eight years ago in the village of Bayninan in Kiangan town in Ifugao province, the last “Dawat di Bagol” (receiving the deity) ritual was performed. This was an elaborate ritual in elevating a “mumbaki” (native shaman) to a higher order called the “mumbagol,” a performer of the high prestige rituals in Ifugao society and culture.

The dawat di bagol was performed during the harvest season where the supreme gods and deities were invoked to bestow authority on the mumbaki to preside over the rituals. These included the rice ceremonies performed throughout the cycle of the “tinawon”, the traditional rice of the Ifugao. The rituals are done to honor the covenant between the “I-Pugaw” (people of the earth) and the givers of the tinawon, the “I-Kabunyan” (deities of the Skyworld).

During the recent rice harvest in Bayninan, Simon Tuguinay, 66, a mumbaki, was elevated to a mumbagol through a rarely performed ritual. In dawat di bagol, the presence of three senior mumbaki from neighboring villages was needed to celebrate the ritual, whose main role was to recite the elaborate and simultaneous prayer-chants and to transmit the sacred rituals involved in elevating a mumbaki to a higher level.

Along with newly harvested rice, native black pigs and chickens were offered to the gods and rice deities. The reading of the bile and liver of the butchered pigs by the mumbaki showed a good omen, allowing the community to proceed with the ritual.

Paraphernalia

The presence of ritual paraphernalia such as the “moma” (betel nut and leaves), the “palipal” (bamboo clapper), the “pama-ahan” (wooden bowl), “tingab” (ritual box), “bayah” (rice wine), and the “bulol” (rice god) completed the performance of this daylong ritual under the “alang” (rice granary).

The bulul is an anthropomorphic representation of a rice god carved from wood

During the ritual, Tuguinay was flanked by two elders representing his lineage, and a “binuhlan” (loincloth) was spread across his legs, where it was believed that the “bagol” (gods) would pass on to his body and mind as a sign of bestowal.

Tuguinay was seated with his hands on his head, imitating a seated bulol (rice god), while the other mumbaki, seated near the posts of the granary, were simultaneously chanting the prayers.

Village women chanted the “hudhud” (epic chant) as part of the harvest ritual and the other members of the community beat drums to help invoke the gods.

The rhythmic beating of the drums and the cacophony of voices were believed to call the supreme deities and ancestral spirits to accept the offerings and bestow the blessings and authority on Tuguinay.

The completion of the elevation ritual would allow Tuguinay to perform important prestige rituals such as the “uya-uy” (marriage feast) and the “hagabi” (ritual featuring a wooden bench and in rare cases, a bale or a traditional Ifugao house), including healing rituals.

“It is important to become a mumbagol in this village because nobody can perform the rice rituals anymore. It is important to protect my community from malevolent spirits, natural calamities and man-made disasters. Most of all, this is to ensure a continuous and bountiful rice harvest in the village,” Tuguinay said.

Dwindling

The number of mumbaki, who could perform sacred rituals, is dwindling in Ifugao.

“Many have been Christianized and educated, some have abandoned our traditional practices to look for better jobs, other than farming our rice terraces,” said Luis Bingwag, a mumbaki from Hungduan town.

“The younger generation of Ifugao are disinterested with the old ways, many have refused to become a mumbaki in favor of a college diploma nowadays,” Bingwag said.

A major reason for this decline is that the practice of being a mumbaki requires deep respect, patience and lifelong commitment in learning prayers and chants from memory transmitted by an older mumbaki who already passed away.

“It would be better to document our chants and practices, so that the next generation could read about us when we are gone,” said Bingwag.

The “baki,” a core belief system and the soul of the Ifugao culture, gives credence to whatever remains of this rich tradition.

The Save the Ifugao Terraces Movement, a non-government organization composed of volunteers, helps the rice terraces communities in the conservation and continuity of their cultural heritage, including the revival of this important Ifugao ritual.

See also: Mambunong of the Kankana-ey tribe

Credits:

  • Analyn Salvador-Amores
  • Marlon Martin
  • Eliza Consul
3 4 5 6 7

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